Wednesday 11th September 2024 Print News
Lo: To explore printed news and the theoretical framework.
Lo: To explore printed news and the theoretical framework.
DO NOW:
LIAR-Theoretical framework
1- media industries,
2- media language,
3- representation,
4- audience
2- media language,
3- representation,
4- audience
5- Historical, social, political, cultural, economic
This newpaper is the far right, can be shown with the lexis 'our'
The layout- The masthead at the top, texts around the images, bold headlines, lots of text if its a broadsheet, less text if its a tabloid.
The Text- San serif font for the headlines, usually big and bold. The masthead is either in serif or san-serif, the taboild is informal language and the broadsheet is formal which talks about more serious things.
tabloid- A tabloid is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet. There is no standard size for this newspaper format. tabloids are modern informal language. easier to read. They have bigger images and less text compare to a broadsheet. The text is a san-serif and often is gossipy and have puns which makes it informal text. Such as the Sun.
mid marked tabloid- A middle-marked newspaper caters to a readership base inclined to be informed on entertainment trends as well as coverage of major news events. It is both gossipy and but also informative.
broadsheet newpaper- A Broadsheet usually refers to large sheets of paper designed with columns which comprise a standard format newspaper. A broadsheet follows a formalised journalistic approach to news coverage with a serious editorial voice and in-depth news stories. They have more text surrounded by an image, less image compare to a tabloid, its plain and boring with only black and white, the typography is a serif font and often talks about more serious topics with formal language.
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Thursday 12 September 2024 Print News {purpose and process}
Lo: To explore the purpose and process of the printed news industry.
Do now:
-A tabloid is a newspaper that is smaller then a broadsheet, it has more images then text, it tend to be more gossipy and has informal language. {The sun}
-A mid market tabloid newspaper doesn't have enough text to be a broadsheet, but not enough images to be a tabloid. Its both gossipy and informative. {The daily mail}
-A broadsheet is bigger then a tabloid, has a lot of text then images, formal language and talks about serious news. {guardian}
-sign theory is barthes
-genre theory is neale
whats the purpose of news:
To inform, entertain and educate people.
mid market -Neale and hybrid
Production
Expensive to produce-
require a large amout of material
employ many highly trained staff.
Change over time-
printed in colour
satellite and internet- stories wired quickly from anywhere.
Distribution
expensive to distribute-
Have to be physically transported
need to be in outlets from early morning
lessen this coat-
printed locally
online can be global and cheaper
free papers- e.g The metro
Marketing
promote their papers-
big stand in public
advertising- Tv, social media, sister papers.
exclusives
synergy deals with other companies
Circulation-
number of copies distributed, but not sold
ownership
daily mail- Jonathan Harmsworth, 4th viscount rothermere, DMGT owns the daily mail.
The guardian- Scott trust limited
ownership models-
exam will be on the daily mail and the guardian
trust meant to make it less biased. Ownership can be a problem, 60% market is owned by just two companies: news Uk and DMG media. {currant and seaton}
how newspapers make money: subscription, sponsership, advertising, sales, memebership and reader donation
problems is the newspaper industry facing: people don't buy newspaper anymore and have asses to it online and doesn't need to pay. fake news on social media
tackling this: cutting costs, moving online,
Technological developments
since 1980s, rapid development of hardware, software and converged devices has significantly changed the relationship between owners and their audience.
1980s- computers, printers & DTP programs:
desktop publishing is the use of personal computers to design books and booklets that are intended to be printed by ink of laser printers. owners control production & distribution on a mass scale. audience have power to create own print media more easily but not distribute it.
1990s- The internet:
growing availability of information leads to greater competition for owners. Audience have more control of information they receive from a greater range of sources; no cost
2000s- broadband, web 2.0, smartphones & tablets, HD digital cameras, Apps:
owners no longer in control of prodiction and distribution of news. owners no longer control of imformation circulated audience able to create, shre and distruted
advanatges-
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Lo: to explore the news values of printed news
Do now:
-Jonathan, DMG owns the daily main
-scott trust
- trust
-cross-media converged conglomerates
-social, historical, cultural, political, economic,
Barths theory:
The lexies of the headlines one show him being powerful and he wont stand down whereas the other is showing him as weak and desperate to clings onto the power. In one newspaper he is being represented as positive and the other is being represented as negative.
gatekeeper-
Responsible for filtering, selecting or omitting stories based on how important and appeal.
Protective coverage-
Withholding information that would be harmful to the public, powerful people or impede a legal investigation.
News value
Guidelines used to identify which news is considered to be most valuable, appealing & newsworthy for audience.
russia and ukraine war shows up everywhere, its frequency.
1} Frequency, it have showed up multiple time in different newspaper.
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Thursday 19th September 2024. Print news- Politcal bias
Lo: To explore the political bias of printed news
Do Now:
-reports things from event and its tell you the fact
-frequarly
-negative
-trust
-social, historical, political, enomic, cultural
Political bias
free pressed- A news industry that isn't regulated or censored by the government in values or beliefs.
The forth estate- News role in safeguarding the public from decision made by the wealthy or politicians which can influence policy or outcomes.
Homogenous- singular, similar and undistinguishable. This means that most papers offer a similar view of the news they report and therefore reinforce a singular view about our society/culture.
plurality- more then one view point is maintained in the news, the owners cant reduce the plurality.
The daily mail is a right wing, this is shown with the lexi and language which is being used to make him look more powerful. The lexis 'firing' make it seems like he has the power to fire people.
The guardian is left wing, they are insluting the conservation party
How is political allegiance evident in the newspaper front cover?
Political allegiance can be shown in the Daily mirror newspaper, you can see that they are left wing and are against Theresa May, this can be shown from the image and the use of language. The image isn't flattering and make her look not serious. 'Lies, damned lies and theresa May.' The use of the lexis shows that the daily mail is very against Theresa May and have very strong opions on her and her broken promise and lies.
However, in the Daily Mail they are supporting her which can be seen in the lexis and the image. The daily Mail is on the right side. 'Lets reignite british spirt' The use of the lexi here is shown that she is wanting to reconnect the british people and are wanting to boots brexit and tories. The usr of 'reignite' and 'spirt' shows that they are supporting her and she has power to do anything, this can also be shown in the image, the image shows she is strong and has power and that cam be seen with the low angle shot and the people behind are are supporting her,
The daily mail and the daily mirror are creating binary opposition by showing two different viewpoints. One being on the right wing and the other being on the left wing. Levi strauss can be applied to this because it is shown the binary opposition in the two front covers of the newspaper. One is insulting her and being against her beliefs and the other clearly supporting her onions. It creating good and bad.
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Wednesday 25th September 2024. Regulation
LO: To explore issues of regulation of printed news
Do now:
-Historical context: talking about the events that happened in the history
-political context: the politices the event what happened at the time of production
-Economic context: economic talks about the money
-social context: anything to do with sociality and issue
-cultural context: relevant to culture at the time and what culture is set in
DIRT:
Barths can be applied to both of these newspaper, since in the first newspaper lexis is being used to create a sign of untrustworthy of the politices. The word 'Lies' and 'Broken promises' is showing how the audience feels angry for being lied to and having there promises broken.
what is regulation:
Regulation are used to prevent any harm and is safe for the audience.
What the arguments for regulation of the news:
keeping people safe
too much political power
influence over British public
what are the arguments against regulation of the news:
Regulation is concerned about:
-news content and information printed by the press
-onswership and competition law
British press is self-regulated.
Through an independent organisation of editors, it regulates itself within an accepted code of. conduct.
punitive rather than preventative
breach could to a fine or printed apology
Independent press standers organisation {IPSO} regulates daily mails
Not fulfil levison's requirement so doesn't have official regulatory status.
role:
-hold newspaper to account
-protects the right of the indiviual
-upholds standers of journalism
-maintains freedom of expression for the press
Independent Monitor for the press {IMPRESS}
became a Levinson compliant regulator in 2016
Ownership and competition laws
-regulated by the communication act 2003
-The enterprise act 2002 enables discretional interventions by the goverment if a cross-media merger raises plurality conncers
Curran and seaton- ownership and control and how it is important in how the media functions. Small group of people who have control. Media industries are capitalist and aim to increase concentration of ownership, this lead to a narrowing of opinions represented in the press.
hesmondhalgh- Talks about the risk and the profits. The risk is seem in terms of loss of money. Risk is high because production costs are high. companies rely on repetition to minimise risk and cover failure. Repeated formats are easily recognisable to audience and use copyright laws to protect products from reproduction and piracy.
livingstone and Lunt- regulation is being put at risk by increasingly globalised media industries, the rise of digital media and media convergence.
Thursday 26th September 2024. Regulation and Theory
LO: To explore theories of regulation of the printed news
Do Now
-ISPO {The main one}
-IMPRESS
-The Leveson inquiry
-Barths talks about study of the semiology and the signs with connotation and deconnoctation
-daily mail- conservation{right} The Guardian- labour {left wing}
The daily mail fits curran and seaton better more because they are wanting to own more.
Hesmondhalgh's trend news as well as celebrity gossip and news which is popular
Curran & Seaton: Ownership and control
Daily Mail
Historical ownership of paper by rothermere family, repeat ownership pattern.
current market share DMG reinforces right wing political agenda to a large audience
news value support populist reporting that relies on sensatomalsed or personalised stories.
online news
posted increased of revenue of 93mil in2017. this is achieved via celebrity entertainment
DMGT has become the Uks leading news outlet
The Guardian- printed news
ownership of paper by Scott Trust ensures ownership and control
Aims to provide a voice for different perspectives; alternaive to narrowed opinions presented by controlling outlets
Aim to guard against commercial pressure through trust format. changes in format and move online shows need to adapt to survive.
Online news
GMG need to make a profit to survive the scott trust seprate the journalism amr so that the journalism is not compromised.
internet allows increased the market share of news and it different political voice.
Hesmondhalgh
The daily mail printed
DMGT media allows Rothermere family to intergate a number of outlets and services, reducing competition.
increase of digital outlets and reducing printing plants helps reduce risk
Online
Enables global distribution and circulation extending DMGTs reach. follows the conservation values of the faily mail so can reinforce those on a larger scale
outlet has reduce risk significantly for DMGT
The guardian
struggled to survive in a competitive market dominated by a few global conglomerates,
develop Digital outlets, moving to compact format and identifying other revenue streams helps reduce risk.
oline
online news meant news can be accessed and has increased their share in market
risk is lower, cost lower, greater number of users.
livingstone and lunt
The daily mail-printed
member of IPSO. cases brought agaist them in respect of claims of inaccuracy, invasion of privacy and intrusion.
Online
entertainment gossip driven news lead to individuals nneeding protection from online news
twince the number of compaines against them. Online news is less rigorus in adhering to codes of conduct than print. user generate content can not be regulated.
The guardian
Selt regulates as percevies both regulatory bodies as being unethical and ineffective. They will, for example, rpoectect whistle blowers and run stories if in the public interest.
26/9- Good start here and you pick out one key point of the theory. T 2 You need to cover the other points that C&S state and apply each of these different points to both texts to evaluate the theory.
QUESTION 4:
Curran and Seaton talks about ownership and control and how it is important in how the media industry functions. It also mentions the aim to increase concentration of ownership which leads to narrowing of opinions which is represented in the news.
Curran and SeaTon theory is effective with the daily mail since they own 20% of the news. Since the Rothermere family owns majority of the Uk news, most of the new will have right wing point of view. This can be linked with regulation since there is a law about how much a conglomerate can own for news and prevent the Rothermere family from owning more then 20%, this law was in place to prevent news from just being right wing and give other news to have different view points.
However with The Guardian this isn't as effective. The Guardian is owned by Scott trust which ensures ownership and control and not do affect journalistic values. They aim to provide a voice for different perspectives and to narrowed opinions presented by controlling outlets. The guardian is self regulated therefore they are not under anyone which is able to give the freedom and not have biased opinions and give people a chance to have different viewpoints.
This can be useful and applied to Curran and Seaton because it applies to the narrow range of political opinons expressed by the British national newspaper with a bias to pro-capitalism this links with regulation because of the law that prevent to much ownership so that they are divinity political views which can be shown through the daily mail and the guardian.
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Thursday 3rd October 2024 Case studies
Lo: To investigate the ownership, funding regulation values & ideologies of the products. To apply critical theory to the set texts.
Do Now:
-Commercial funding- aim to make a profit compitalism
-not proft funding- aim is journmalism not for ptofit
-from DMGT and advertising
-Scot trust
-encomic
Question 3
The economic context for newspaper vary, firstly the daily mail is commercial and the guardian is not-for-profit. Since the daily mail is commercial its means they care more about the money and profit then the actual news.
Ownership and funding
history of the paper:
Daily mail was founded in 1896
DMGT founded in 1922
owners/trusts and funding model used-
circulation figures-
advertising costs-
sales figure for last 5 year-
alternative revenue option-
online
change in last 10 years-
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Wednesday 9th October 2024 Case studiues
Do now:
- DMGT
- scott trust
- reduce size, close factories, increase cover prices
- Moblie, tablet
- 22 mil mobile readera DM
Daily Mail
mission statement/principles :
news values prioritises:
political bias: right wing
ideologies conveyed;
reporting style: Informal, doesn't take thing serious
body its regulated by: IPSO
The guardian
mission statement/principles :
news values prioritises:
political bias: left wing
ideologies conveyed;
reporting style: formal, more sophisticated and tries to tell both side of the story.
body its regulated by:
***************************
The Daily Mail:
ownership-
Rothermere family
funding & revenue-
Subscriptions and also advistsing
Tech developments-
QR code
Email.
News values and bias-
right wing shown through the language.
'from labour'
Regulation-
IMPSO, In a box that says clarifications and corrections Its says IMPSO and next to it, says regulation. Also email.
The Guardian:
ownership-
scott trust
funding & revenue-
subscription on the top of the guardian newspaper. The price is lower then the actual newspaper which give the reader to buy the subscliption and to read the newpaper more often.
Tech developments-
QR code to go online news.
News values and bias-
Left wing
Regulation-
self regulated and trust
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Thursday 10rd October 2024 case studies and industry theory
Thursday 10rd October 2024 case studies and industry theory
Lo: To explore how industry theory can be applied to the owership, funding and regulation in set producrs.
Do now
-what market share does DM have- 25%
-what market share does the G have- 2.8%
-what news values do the DM prioritise- negativity, threshold, personaified
-what news values do the G prioritites
-what regulates the DM and the g- ISOP
Question 3: Explain how the cultural context of how the news is produced influence the content offered to audience. {10 marks}
Cultural context of how is the news is produced influenced the offered to the audience by increasing consumerism which means that the marketing for online news is being more accepted. Since the audience is used to being online, it is more preference to use online news and they are uses to adverts. Newspaper feature cultural events that are important to the audience and in their lived experiences.
This links to curran and seaton theory about ownership and control. The rothermere family owns the daily mail and have a right wing viewpoint. News values support populist reporting that relies on sensationalised or personalised stories.
In this newspaper you can see the right wing view and personalised stories.
-The story about the royal family {Meghan and harry} at the top of the paper. This would be personalised story because its about the royal family and not the events of whats going on in the world.
-At the bottom of the paper in smaller text you can see 'so much for starmer's growth agenda' which links to having a right wing viewpoint.
-It also talks about people marriages and personal life which again links to personlised stories.
In this newspaper you can see left wing view point and events thats happening.
-Talks about PM's and vow to end austerity.
- Theres different perspective and not just one viewpoint.
Hesmondhalgh talks about industries follow a capitalist pattern of increasing concentration and integration so production is owned and control by a few conglomerates. increasing digital outlets and reducing printing plants helps reduce risk.
-
Hesmondhalgh, the guradian struggled to survive in a competitive market dominated by a few global congolmerates circulation dropped 13.1% in 2018. developing digital outlets moving to compact format and identifying other revenue streams helps reduce.
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Wednesday 16th October Target audience
LO: to investigate audience of printed news audience appeal
Do now
-Hesmodhalgh
-curran and seaton
-livington and lunt
-cultral context is talking about the context relating to the event
-preferance of online news over printed news.
Question 3: Explain how the cultural context of how the news is produced influence the content offered to audience. {10 marks} Didn't finish
Cultural context of how is the news is produced influenced the offered to the audience by increasing consumerism which means that the marketing for online news is being more accepted. Since the audience is used to being online, it is more preference to use online news and they are uses to adverts. Newspaper feature cultural events that are important to the audience and in their lived experiences. Curran and seaton applies to this since curran and deaton talks about capitaist and aim to increase concentration of ownership which leads to narrowing of opinions represented in the press. The daily mail links to the theory because it is own by the rutheremere family and they own 25% of news and they have bias opionions and tend to be more of the left wing.
The daily mail
Demographics
-62% are ABC1 readers {most in C1}
-59% female readers {age 59}
-47% male readers
-majority saving SE
psychometrics
-Travel
-saving money
The Guardian
Demographics
-86% are ABC1 readers
-46% females
-54% males
-average age 55+
entertainment- football/world cup, human interest and people
the power elitle- simon cowell
surpise- surpise with the headline
celebrity- Ronaldo
The power ellite with the head line and as well as the bad news is shown with the lexis and in the headline 'russia is plotting mayhem in britain' which indicates the bad news and tragedy. As well as showing bad news, it also shows celebrities at the bottom right with holly and phil.
The headline is power elite as well as bad news show with the lexis 'The pain will never leave: israel marks on year since Hamas attack' indicates negative news which is also following up news again shown within the lexis 'one year' meaning it have already happen and doing a follow up. Fits with the left wing because it sharing imporant information and can be relevance. Goods news in the sky box.
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Thursday 17th October 2024 Target audience
LO: to explore audience theory. To apply audience theory to newspaper example
Do now:
-Demographics is the social grade to measure the audience
-psychometrics is the lifestyle type of the audience
-celebrities
-power eilte
-good news
Bandura- influenced directly by whatever they see
Gerber- expose to particular media forms, genres or content over long periods of time can cultivate and shape our behaviour.
Gerber- This links with the newspaper with the exposure to the negative news about the migrant. 'Mirgrant crisis out of control' Make the audience feel fear within the society and mistrust 'out of control' creating a mean world syndrome.
Bandura- The tax rises for all in rishi budget
Hall: Audience theory
1: dominate reading- accepts the preferred meaning and ideological meaning
2: negotiate reading- some of the decoded message is accepted but the audience disagrees with parts of it and so changes it to fit their experience and values
3: oppositstional reading- both the preferred meaning and any ideological assumption encoded in the product are rejected
dominate reading- they need our help and sympathy. The lexis 'reguee' show they had to leave their country which emphases they need our help.
negotiated- they are supposillay safe but they have to process refugee before they let them into the country They are behind a wired fence where shows a female or a male behind it dressed in black and looks distress.
oppositional- they aren't refugee and that they don't need our help
Bandura- Labours Poll tax is the headline, The increase of tax, labour the problem, negative view links to bandura because it effect the audience who has jobs.
Gerber- Make you feel mistrust in labour
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Wednesday 6th November 2024 MEDIA LANGAGE
Lo: to explore the genres codes and convention in print news.
Do now
-bandura- influenced directly, audience imitate behaviour they have seen
-gerbner- mean world syndrome
-domiate reading, oppositional reading, negotiation reading
-daily mail- right winged, older,
-Guardian- older, male, left wing, ABC, embace change
26/9- Good start here and you pick out one key point of the theory. T 2 You need to cover the other points that C&S state and apply each of these different points to both texts to evaluate the theory.
Question 4:
Gerber talks about how the negative news can effect people over time and how it creates something called a 'mean world syndrome', it can shape people behaviour and effect how they view things and how they act which can lead people to feel fear and mistrust within the society and politices. This can be seen within The Guardian and The Daily Mail.
In the Guardian, you can see that they are supporting Kamila Harras. The use of the lexies 'Hope...and fear' and the front cover is of Kamila, which links back to how people of society had hope and believe she will win the election however that hope is lost as people fear she will lose since Trump is currently winning the elections. This links back to Gerber with how news can shape people views and make them feel mistrust within society and fear of what to come. This links doesn't link with the negative view but does show the mistrust and fear, it also can show how the audience view went from hopeful to fear.
In the daily mail it shows the more right wing views, the daily mail only features Trump and not Kamila harras. the use of the lexis 'accept the result-but only if election far'
6/11- Great start to the analysis and use of both newspapers- just finish the second one off. T: 1. You need to ensure that you then cover the other elements of the theory.
MEDIA LANGUAGE
Code- signs that creates meaning, devied into two categories:
Technical: camera work, editing, MES, layout, equipments/skill to produce.
symbolic: meaning create communication through technical
conventions- the generally accepted way of doing things
SIZE
T- small
B- 2x larger
LEXIS
T- informal slang, alliteration, puns, swearing {star out}
B- formal, detail
MODE OF ADRESS
T- direct address
B- formal
HEADLINE SIZE
T- takes over most page, very large
B- small, detail
IMAGE TO TEXT RADIO
T- more images, larger images, less writing
B- more text, 9 columns plus
Barths: denotation is the signs
connotation is the meaning of the sign
two creates myths that develop into ideolgical meaning and help ideologies feel accepted and natural
denotation- connotation- myths- normalised
DM:
Den- mid shot of trump in red hat-wife in background smiling
CON- male politician-red politician party
MYTH- patriarchal society men leading politics female support
NATURAL- men are leaders and need female support.
TG:
DEN- on the phone, centre, alone, mid shot, large image {goes against but four columns}
CON- important, positive, receive good news, indepent
MYTH- confiedent, independent woman succed in politics, follows the G values
NATURAL- leadership role
soft news- gossip, entertainment
Hard new- serious, intense, important
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Thursday 7th November 2024 Media Langauge
LO: To explore the terminology of media and codes and conventions in print news.
Do now:
-tabloid- gossipy news, informal, daily mails, big images, less text, small, soft news
-boardsheet- informative, serious, the guardian, less images, more text, larger, hard news
-tech elements- camerawork, shot type, layout, MES
-symbolic elements- meaning created through the symbols
-Neale talks about genre and how it can make hybrids.
Tabloidisation
broadsheet have turned into tabloids a little bit.
Dual convergence is when genres borrow conventions from another in the use of media language and so increasingly resemble one another.
Neale-
-Genre change or delince in popuarlity {sometimes they are popular sometimes they don't}
-codes and conventions are shared by producers and audience repeat
-genre can become hybrids.
Neale- gerne- change-repeat C&C-evole hybrids.
The times:
Editing:
Typography- The masthead is a san-serif and bold which is in a red box that makes it stands out. The red also can indicates remembrance day but also shows they have right wings view and links with republicans, the san-seif front is more modern and have informal languages. All the typography is Sand-serif. Apart from the subheading which is in red text and is shown to be serif which stands out and shows who is the main forces.
layout- ratio to text, there is more images compare to texts. The main image is a mid shot of trump pointing towards the camera which shows direct address. The lead story is about trump winning the election
mode of address- The main cover line is repreation to an old newspaper in 2016 where trump one last time, it involve the same story with trump winning. The lexis 'What have they done...again?' can be linked back to the newspaper in 2016 where the cover line says 'what have they done?' show they are repeating the same mistake as last time.
Mise-en-scene-
Location- Globe news since this is about america and the election and politional. Trump is the main image. Inside a building with lots of the american flags.
highkey lighting which help show is the main centre.
camera:
Mid shot, camera slightly titled upwards, mainly eye level.
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Thursday 13th November 2024 Media language & case studies
LO: to analyse the IMPACT of media language and codes and convention in set products.
Do now:
- newspaper puff: Its a sicker
- newspaper standfirst: first paragraph
- skybox: adverts the top section at the top
- masthead: the newspaper name/title
- main headline: the big text main news
THE DAILY MAIL
Daily mail hybridilse their news by having soft and hard news. They talk about poliical news which is hard news but by using the lexis they make the hard news into soft news. The use of lexis 'THE POMP' and '...AND THE PYGMY' is mocking the politices and the queen, this makes hard news turn into soft news. This appeals to Neale because he talks about hybrids which is what the daily mail does.
Masthead: follow broadsheet genre, serif front, logo {lion+unicorn, shield +crown} traditional. black and white.
Ideologies/viewpoint- traditional, the images shows Historial British values by the crown and moachary-point of British. trusted, reliable
Main image: image is of Charles and Camila, follows the broadsheet genre?
Ideologies/viewpoint: moachary, trustworthy, reliable?
Headline: The use of the headline is in a serif front, its the biggest text on the cover, it follows the tabloid gerne. The use of lexis helps to show that its soft news.
Logo: Logo is of a lion unicorn, shield and crown. its very traditional which follows the broadsheet genre. Shows the histroical british values and the point of britishness.
Levi-strauss - binary opposition-communicate in myth/ideology- left/right - good/bad - lower/upper class
liberal- respecting or accepting behaviour or opinions.
The guardian
Masthead- follows tradions serif font follows the broadsheet genre. block colour which follows elements from a tabloid in the sky box, however the blue is contrast to a tabloid. White and blue, modern age, reflect morden liberal views with more equality.
Ideologies/viewpoint-Traditional, font-trustworthy views-reliable and base on 4th estate. colour is not traditional, progressive, new liberal
Main images: Low angle of the king of spain being attack. The use of the lexis is supporting whats happening in the images. 'you abandon us' shows that people felt hurt and betrayed by the king and goverment because they didn't do enough to help or support them.
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Wednesday 20th November 2024 Media language Q2 practise
LO: To analyse the use of media language and codes & convention in set products.
DO NOW:
-element media language- camerawork, editing
-symbolic- meaning created though symbols and code and conventation
-code&convention-
mid tabloid- hard/soft news, same size as tabloid, boradsheet masthead
broadsheet- hard news, lots of writing and less images
tabloid- soft news/gossip,
-baudrillard- talks about posmodernlism
-baudrillard- talks about hyperreality
Baudrilla:
-Talks about hyperreality {Disney land for an example}, media simulations. More than the 'real'
-Postmodernism idea society has moved beyond modernism, in art and culture.
Baudrilla- postmodernism image and sign- social distinctions aren't important creating identity- hyperreality and simulation and simuatar {hypereality can tell different}
-talks about the difference {ones a mid market tabloid}
-The mirror masthead, the red top shows its a tabloid, san-serif, causal, iconic of the tabloid genre
-the daily mail masthead {boardsheet style, black and white, traditional logo, shield and lion}
-ideology- consventive, traditional, patriotic, historical
-the mirror- image, colour statition, mise en scene, sands out and direct
-headline, ideology, less traditional, and looking for change,
-the lexis, rhtictal question which is a tabloid feature
-liberty crying showing it was a dark time in 2016?
The conventions of different newspaper covers differ between tabloid and broadsheet. The tabloid newspaper is known to have a modern and less traditional style and look to it which can be seen with the mirror newspaper which has a red box at the top where the masthead is which is to show that the mirror is a tabloid newspaper, also the typography is a san-serif which shows that its modern and casual, its an iconic of the tabloid genre, however, the daily mail has both aspect of a tabloid and a broadsheet because the daily mail is a mid market tabloid, the masthead is a broadsheet style, its black and white with a traditional logo, the lego is of a shield and a lion with st.jue flag on the shield which fits with the broadsheet gerne, the ideologies is very traditional and historical which can be liked back to the difference between a tabloid and broadsheet. Also, a tabloid theres is more images to text on the front cover and the size is smaller then a broadsheet, whereas with a broadsheet theres is more text then images however in the daily mail represents both broadsheet and a tabloid as it have an even amount of texts and images on the front cover.
The use of of the main images in both newspaper is the same but creates a different meaning which can be shown in the mirror. The main images is very bright and statutered which makes Trumps to appear more orange, its makes the images stands out for the audience and its very direct with the colour, the use of the ideology is creating a meaning that its less traditional and is looking for a change. The use of the lexis 'what have they done...again?' is creating a rhetorical question which is a tabloid feature, also on the cover of the mirror theres a newspaper from 2016 of liberty crying which is showing that it was a dark time for America when Trump first got elected which links back to the headline and lexis. The use of the statured colour that made him look more orange is almost making a mockery of him. However, in the daily mail the same image is used on the front cover but creates a different meaning, the used of the colour is darker with lowkey lighting which makes it look natural and makes trump appears less orange.
Its clear to see that media conventions in both newspaper construct viewpoints and ideologies and shows that one newspaper is right wing and the other is left wing.
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Wednesday 27th November 2025 Print News representation
Lo: to explore the constructions of representation in papers and the impact of context on these representation.
Do Now:
-Q2- bullpoints in the question
-modernism- Baudrilla
-hyperreality- simulations is when its more than 'real' its to real which makes it unrealistic
-simulacra- The copy of the real that is indistrigusiable from real
-The type of broadsheet and mid market
Representation
Dominant group: sociological term used to refer to a group that controls the values systems in society. Tend to hold social political and economic power.
Our society, there is a dominate group that holds positions of power within social institutions or owns the production of cultural products such as the news.
-middle age -hererosexual
-male -able bodied
-middle class -western
-white -university
-captolist -educated
-christian
Dominate ideology: The social experience, values and beliefs of the dominate groups
The dominate group have access to power and means of communication, they have control and influenced over the way in which other social groups are seen and understood.
individuals who do not fit the characteristics of the dominant group would be classed as being from subordinate group. A white british, working class woman woild fall into dominat ethnic group but the subordinate class and gender group.
All this suggests that the representation of individuals and social groups will always involve bias towards the dominate group because:
-The dominate group tends to include those who construct the representations in news content
-The representation of other social groups, positively or negatively, helps to maintain the social position of the dominate group.
-At the top of the news paper, she fits into the dominate group because she a white British and looks she could be in the middle class and woman are being represented in the cover. But she would also fits into the subordinate class and gender group? The other woman also fits into the dominate group since she a white middle class British.
Context:
ownership-
-media barons: They decided to want to and put out to the news
-journalists: they have their own repuction and views
Economic factors-
-capitalism
-newspaper genre
News values and political bias-
-genre
-target audience
-political agenda
Regulation-
-free press
-self regulation
Selections:
Gatekeeping- depends on the appeal to the target audience and how the stories can be shaped to reflect a particular political agenda or viewpoints
This process of selection also includes the act of de-selections: which social groups are not represent and why
{social group: a group of people}
Combination
SELECTION AND COMBINATIONS
The numbers of stories the Daily Mirror has is different stories.
The issued that being covered is about primary school and the labour party big breakfast plan,
The social groups that is represented is the military? but the social group that is absent is people of different race? Its shares both hard news but also soft news. Elderly representation, doesn't have disable representation.
The issues that are being covered are israel and the war with Hezbollah. Carmaker blames EV targets as plants shuts and NHS.
No representation of disability or race.
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Thursday 28th November 2024 print news: Representation and theory
LO: To explore the use of stereotypes in representation in papers and the explore relevant representation theory
Do Now:
- dominat group- The groups who has the most power in society
- contexts- ownership, encomics, regulation news bias
- gatekeeping- depends on the appeal to the target audience and the stories Its is filtered
- views and ideologies- people viewpoints and a set of beliefs?
- codes and conventions- The expectations of content and layout
Class
gender
age
ethnicity-
disability
Class- middle class, being represented
age- Its a mixture of ages,
gender- mixture of genders are being represented. women are being represented
ethnicity- One Egyptian, the representation of the this is a negative
disability- No disabled are being represented which is a negative representation.
Class- middle class {suv shows that representation}
higher class {bad negative}
no working class
gender- A mixture of gender is being represented, mostly females
age- younger ages,
no elders
ethnicity- mixture, egytations, and Israel, good representation, dominate group is negative, not in the dominate group
disability- No disability are being represented
Class- higher class
middle class
no working class being represented
gender- female and a male are in the dominate social group which is stereotypical because both white British who are in the social policial, mostly forcused on the female, being represented as positive, reforce the idelology the daily mail belifs in family,
age- middle aged people, dominate people more important
absent upper and working class
ethnicity- none are being represented
disability- none are being represented
Realism-
way in which in a media product uses the technial elements of media language to create a product that loos real but is:
-A version of reality
-Constructed through a series of choices made by the editor/journalist
Audiecne tend to accept these versions as real. The constant repetion of similar representation help these to become natural
HALL THEORY: REPRESENTATION
Hall talks about representation and the meaning is created by a representations, it isn't what is presented but what is absent and different; stereotypes and how they are constructed should be deconstructed to identify what they tell us about ideology.
when analysing representation the focus should not be on the relationship between representation and reality but on the meanings constructed.
key focus for representation analysis be on who or what is presented or not being represented.
fix meanings in a 'preferred reading' audience can contest meanings
Hall-representation-presented or not presented- stereotypes- ideology
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Wednesday 11th December 2024 Representation and case study
LO: To analyse the contractions of representation in case studies and impact of contexts on these representation
Do Now
-Bell hooks- talks about feminine intersecttanlity
-CAGED- class, age, gender, eitnicty disability
- Halls- representation is created through what is present and what is absent
-Glaunette- identify in the media isn't fix
-Van Zoonen- talks about objective women
Industry contexts
Daily mail: the owners are part of dominate group. impact the choices in the way event, social issues and group are represented.
- suggest violet and aggressive, negative representation minority groups
-
-woman drinking in christmas hoildays and the british culture with the drinking and how to reduce the hangovers
- demomtised russia
-
- represented of woman is they need to be taken care of and looked after, the MPs are mostly males and represented positively because they are standing up for woman which created a postive representation for the dominate group.
- right winged political ideology with the NHS don't make money so they are funded when there isnt caplistm
- prozac is an anti-depression that is this woman has been suffering
- The 'hot' assassin story shows woman are blinded to what he did shows a negative representation
Analysis task
How are the events, issues, individuals and social groups represented?
-The social groups that are being represented are the working class, can be seen through the M16 that is being represented.
- individuals are being represented are woman who are being represented as opposite to males, they are being seen as vulbublme and needed to be looking after which can be shown through the use of lexis 'prozac' which is anti-depression.
- The issues that are being represented the NHS funded, they are don't make money and are being funded which leaves woman in agony
How does mail construct stereotypes?
-The daily mail construct stereotypes
How does the mail communicate ideology?
How are the events, issues, individuals and social groups represented?
- The social groups that are being represented are the working class, can be seen through the M16 that is being represented.
- Individuals are being represented is a woman
- the issue that is being repesented is the syria chaos.
How does mail construct stereotypes?
-
How does the mail communicate ideology?
Realism: the presentation of something as if it were real and what we would expect to see in real life.
Burler: gender performativity
-gender is created in responed to our performance of gender roles
-perform these gender roles through repetition and ritual so it becomes naturalised.
-gender identity is not something we are born with but something we express through the performance of it.
Gilroy: Ethnicity and post colonialism
- Black atlantic is a transatlantic culture that is simultaneously African, America, Caribbean and british
- post colonialism- supenonmonty of of white westen culture {post colonialism is the lost of the British empire}
- criminalisation of imnginates in the media
Bulter applies because of the 'hot' assassin and the gender that is created
Gilroy applies to the Syrian and how the criminalisation of imngrates in the media
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Thursday 12th December 2024 Representation and case studies
LO: analyse the constructions of representation in case studies and the impact of contexts on these representation
Do Now
- rep in daily mail: Dominate group?
- rep in daily mail: British values,
- rep in daily mail: personal emotive journalism/family values/mironity group what is there and is absent
- Bulter theory: Gender performative, create though repetitions
- Gilroy theory: post colonsim and identity criminalised immigrants.
The Guardian- owned by scott trust which aims to support diversity, the members are largely white, British and middle-class.
- Objective of the jobs
- 'A daily living hell' opinion base
- stepmother and guilty of her murder is facts
-
- National and gobel current affairs of the Syria offensive and the assassin, Vodafone story
objective:
opinon based- Health boss killing suspect in angry outburst before court appearance that is a fact
both side of the story
postive reps of non DG
minority groups represented
Analysis
How are events, issues, individuals and social groups represented on this cover through processes of selection and combination?
The events has be shown through the Guardian and the subheadings and the main images. We are shown to have more objective repesentaion with opinons and factual strutcure, that can be shown with the child who was murdered by her stepmother and her father, the use of the lexis helps us know what is facts and what is opion. 'A daily living hell' is a opinon based whereas the 'father and stepmother guliy of her murder' which is a more fact because its true. No disability is being represented and is absent from the Guarden newspaper.
The headline of 'hope and despair in Assad's human slaughterhouse' is creating a a less objective representation, the minority groups are being represented
- Bultler: The main iamge of the little girl is represented gender performative, she is stereotypeical, she wearing make up, a pretty dress and earrings.
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Wednesday 18th December 2024 Print news Q1 practise
Lo: To explore the use of representation in Newspapers
Do now:
- Codes and conventions- Exceptions of the layout and genre of form
- Media Language in print news- Layout, MES, Shot type, typography
- Political context- Anything political that was happening at the time
- Butler- performative in gender, what is absent and what is there, gender trouble
- Gilroy- Gilroy talks about post colonialism, talks about British empire and the black Atlantic and criminalised, white western
Q1 and Q4- theory
rep
ML
political
social
barths
Semiology- connotation- deconntation- signs create myths-naturalised
The guardian:
representation- Not postitive,
image- looking 'down' down cast,
ML- Mid shot, eastablish shot, eye level
colour- Muted colour, destatuted, blue {sad} gloomy, lost of colour
Political context- called for the general election, from the prime mister, negative of sunak, critical of right winged gov
barths- decon from image suggest con detited right winged government
signs- can be the party are down and promotes the liberal views of the guardian naturalised the liberal views. Parthicilr political power is naturalised. The background is the home of the PM and Uk politician, connocation is power in the background, juxataposed foregorund image of sunak with number 10
The daily expressed
Representaion- postitive
Image- mid shot, slight low angle, direct address, challange the audience, mid talking controlling
colours- brighter, blue stands out, not muted, black background, highlight is emotion and his passion
support right wing- 'I am" see as a hero
barths-
signs- choice to use an image ready to fight, stand up for the nation, right wing view need to be fight for, naturalised our right winged
not juxataposed the image
Start with barths theory
talk about the guridian and the representaion of image
ploitical context
barths
Then next cover
Analyse the representation in source A and Source B in relation to political contexts
Use Barthes theories around semiology in your answer
Barths talks about the study of signs and how signs are used to create meaning and myths through connotation and deconnotation which can be seen within the Gurdian newspaper.
In the guardian we can see that it is being represented negatively which can be shown through the use of media language. The image is showing a mid established shot, the use of the camera shot is showing Sunak location which is in front of the political house. You can see from the backdrop that the colours is muted and destatuered and the use of blue which connotes the feeling of sad and a negative representation, the image is gloomy, the use of the image of sunak looking down is creating a feeling of downcast and without hope which connote the colour scheme and the use of the muted colours.
The political representation is being represented as negative, which is seen through the use of lexis 'Sunak's big gamble' the use if the lexis 'gamble' is a negative thing and sunak called for the general election who was prime mister at the time, this creates a negative representation for the right winged government and is critical.
These connotation is created into myths and Barths theory links aback to the Guadian and is can be shown with the background of the home of the prime mister and the Uk potitictions which connected is power in the background and Juxtapose with Sunak with the number 10 shows he was in power at the time. The study of signs are down which can be shown with sunak looking down and looking very downcast, it promotes the liberel views of the guadian and the paterical power is naturalised. These connotation is created into myths
whereas in the daily express it is being represented positively. The use of the image is a mid shot and is a slight low angel which shows he in power and is fighting for the nation and he is directing the audience which is shown through the images and is challenging the audience which shows he has control and power. The use of colour is brighter and stands out which represent a more happier representation and postitive and the use of the black backdrop highlights his face showing his facial expression and is seen showing him fighting and his passion.
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Thursday 19th December 2024 Print News Q2 Practise
Lo: to explore the use of genre conventions in newspapers
Do Now:
- structure Q1: Start of with the theory, then ML, the context and then the theory and next cover
- sorces could be used: daily express, the guardian, daily mail, case study or not case study.
- barths: semiology, creating signs and myths through connection and deconnatation and ideology.
- Theoretical framework: LIAR {media language, audience, industry, representation}
- judgement and conclusions: making an judgement and a summary of your point. Decide what part you agree with and assert your point for each side.
min: 25 mintues
marks: 15 marks
use the points to help you answer the question.
Key question is about genre
genre connetion change over time
Yes they changed over time- compact/tabloid size {The G}
The masthead changed. {The G}
Political allegient has development-negative lexis, but shows value of the paper, the skybox uses a pun which is a tabloid style which is show that is left wing, libertail view point {G}. Germany far right shows the criticism of the right winged agaist the the right {FT}
colour photo-techiology has develop, colour is the masthead, development of cover design
No- financial time the size remains {FT}, adverts are a traditional convention. They both feature hard news.
masthead/headlines traditional serif font. {both}
Traditonal the text to image ratio is more text which is traditional for a boardsheet
Plan:
- Genre convention of broadsheet over time {first paragraph}
- {Traditionally hard news, talk about serious things such as potitical, funancial and is share news from the gobel.} {some feature celebrity-due increase in cultural focus on celebrities}
- {Text to image ratio, there is more copy in the broadsheet newspaper than images}
- {serif font traditional}
- {black and white used a traditional broadsheet newspaper} {has develop to included more colour on the covers}
- {size is double the size of a tabloid} {has changed over time due to a decrease in readership and an attempt to save money}
- {representation focus on the dominate group}
Key question is about genre
genre connetion change over time
Yes they changed over time- compact/tabloid size {The G}
The masthead changed. {The G}
Political allegient has development-negative lexis, but shows value of the paper, the skybox uses a pun which is a tabloid style which is show that is left wing, libertail view point {G}. Germany far right shows the criticism of the right winged agaist the the right {FT}
colour photo-techiology has develop, colour is the masthead, development of cover design
No- financial time the size remains {FT}, adverts are a traditional convention. They both feature hard news.
masthead/headlines traditional serif font. {both}
Traditonal the text to image ratio is more text which is traditional for a boardsheet
Genre conventions are dynamic, they changed over time to stay relevant.
The genre convention of a broadsheet has changed overtime are traditionally hard news, hard news tend to talk about serious things such as political and financial things and share news from the nations, however it has changed to some point and some new features celebrities due to the increase of cultural focus on celebrities. The text to image radio, there is more text in a broadsheet newspaper than images is traditional. The black and white colour is traditional use for the newspaper, however been developed to included more colour on the covers. The size of a broadsheet newspaper was double the size of a tabloid which, however due to the decrease in readership, they made the size smaller in an attempt to save money. The representation focus on the dominate group which is still traditional for a broadsgeet newspaper.
In the guardian the conventions have stayed on the hard news tradition by talking about serious things such as potiticaltion. Which can be shown through the cover of the guardian newspaper. The political allegiant has developed and it shown is represented as negative which can be shown through the use of lexis 'Big gamble', also the newpaper still focusing on the dominate group, however it has changed over time and has more use of colour which is seen through the masthead which is blue whereas traditionally it was black and white, this shows that overtime the technology has improved and so didi the newspaper. However, the use of the serif font has been kept the same and is showing the traditional use of the broadsheet, that has been kepted the same. Another way the guaridan as changed, is the skybox which has used a pun which can be seen through the lexis. 'things can only get wetter. Soak the rich. Soak the Rish' which is a very tabloid style and is making a mockery of the prime mister at the time. The guardian newspaper size has decrease and is now tabloid size because of the decease of readership and are wanting to save money.
In the finacial Times, it also stayed on the hard news, by talking about politices which is shown through the cover, it also being represented as negative through the use of lexis 'Bets' which sounds like a negative thing. The newspaper is still forcusing on the dominate group showing keeping the tradition genre convetions. The finacial times newspaper cover has developed and changed over time by using colour which is shown through the use of orange, indicating that newspaper now has improved and changed. The size for the fincial time has remain the same unlike the guaridan which had changed.
In conclusion that the gernre coventions for the broadsheet has changed over time but some of the tradiions has been kept the same, however mostly the genre conventions has changed. The things that kept the same is shown is to keep the traditional vaule,
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Wednesday 8th January 2025 Online News
Lo: to explore the industy, regulation and ownership of online, social and participatory news of the mail online.
Do now:
- what could be Q1 & Q2: media language and representation
- question focus on theory: Q4 and Q1?
- structure used plan Q2: use the bullpoints to help answer the question?
- structure used plan Q1: Theory, source A, source B source A source B and conclusion
- barthes: semiology, the myths and ideology that are created
- technology and the decrease in readership for printed news. You can assess online news anywhere which makes it easier.
-online advert and using subscription, paywell, donation
-its is cheaper and faster, increase if circulation and the share button
- online news wasn't regulated but now it is
Mail online
statistics-
has the most success in 2017.
The Mailonline combined revenue was 119 million an increase 93 million from 2016. Shows the success of online, til this day they remain competitive and haven't had to introduce a paywall for its readers.
production-
- content on website is exclusive and is not published on the printed news.
- entreatment is celebrity and lifestyle and the site is dominated by image.
- 1,500 articles and 560 videos a day get posted.
- same conservative news values
distribution-
- digitally distributed across digitally converged platforms
- has snapchat content
- reduce the distribution cost, profit from advertising.
- global reach though their online content in the uk, usa and others.
- attracts the younger audience.
circulation-
- consider to be the most visited english language news website in the world.
- its has 15 million tiktok followers
- 4 million youtube subscribers
- 14 million snap followers and is the most engage news platform in the uk.
regulation-
- IPSO can only regulate content produced by the Mailonline journalists, much content isn't regulated.
- journalists are task to filter comments, editing or removing the content if deem offensive on their platform.
- their is more room for invading privacy or publishing inaccurate information, given the gossip nature of the news site. Can be regulated if their journalist posted it.
- the sharing, commenting and anomynous participation on content is encourgaded. this is self regulated and the sucess is debatable.
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Thursday 9th January 2025 Online News- guardian
LO: To explore the industry, regulation and ownership of online, social and participatory news for the Guardian
Do Now:
- Digital convergence- moving to online? mixing of technology internet on phones
- who regulates the mail online- IPSO regulares mail online.
- mail online reach- 66 million daily page view
- structure Q1- theory Source A source B source A source B and conlustion
- Structure Q2- use the bullet points to help answer the question.
The Guardian
statistics-
- it dipped bur has increased over time
production-
-Online version of the paper still holds the same liberal, progressive values as the printed news.
- Its offers additional features including the opinion section and soul mates which is a greater range of content whereas the printed version does't.
- made up of niche section that covers business, entertainment and other things.
- rolling news service that is constantly updated by journalists.
distribution-
- digitally disbritbed across platforms.
- reduce disbribution costs and profit from advertising.
- global reach and has country specific in the USA and Australia.
- disbrubted through a partnership deal with Yahoo with user from the UK, USA and other places.
circulation-
- 2015 it has increased by 25%
- has 34.7 million monthly global users.
- 1.15 million users access the guaridan by moblile or tablet.
regulation-
- Its is self regulated. Role of the editor to regulate print and online.
- 140 million users isn't possible to regulate and respond to all.
- They prioritise complaints by
looking at how serious it is.
harm that could occur.
content that has mislead.
how many complaints
risk of the reputation of the Guardian and the brand.
you have to log in to be able to reply to any comments meaning they are putting effort into putting a comment. There are many comments and its hard to keep track, however the guradian does keep track on the comments which is shown when they replied to one comment.
Question 3: is always about content.
Key ideas
- global culture content
print/online news
culturely preffered online because it quicker and easy assess.
Globel- usa, india and autristila
- how online news produence
publish is quick
same value
more content
always updated
- content offered
quicker
more content
sharing their view by commenting
sharing
assceable
expects adverts
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Wednesday 15th January 2025 audience reach
Lo: To explore audience appeal and use of online, social and participatory news in the MailOnline.
Do now:
- Its easier to assess online news and less people reading print news and the use of technology.
- self regulated readers editors
- 22m across platforms monthly readers.
- sharing news and comments
- its quicker Breaking news updates are immdent
Terminology
ad-like
- is liking or clicking onto an advert on a digital website.
click stream
- A users activities on the world wide web as represented by the sequence of links they click on? how long they spend on the website.
echo chambers
- News in media, an echo chambers is an environment or ecosystem in which participants encounter beliefs that amplify or reinforce their preexisting beliefs.
front door traffic
- encouring users co-view newspaper content on their website rather than another site-e.g facebook, it encounghs advertising.
Audience reach
How do news brands reach different audience using online platforms and what questions does this raise?
News brand reach different audience using different online platforms such as through social media or their website, their website has created click stream which tracks how long they spend on the website and the users activitive. Using click stream, personalised what the viewer is interested which can been seen with what has been shared more or is the most popular. Once the viewers likes or share the news, this creates echo chambers which then the audience will receive more of the thing they are interested in and helps to reinforce their interests and preferences. whereas using the social media platforms such as instrgrame, they will have a link somewhere where you can clink on which is creating front door traffic which is encounging you to look at the website instead of the social page.
News values and selection
- celebrity: it showing sofia and the romance with someone who is 40
- entertainment: The rumours of celebrities and the tommy and molly mae cheating rumours.
- surprise:
- bad news: A death
-relevance
- follow up: love island
- news agenda:
Appeal through use of techoloical codes and language
- layout: its is messy and theres a lot going on which can be appealing to the audience who wants something with short news and it also gives a wide ranges of entertainment for the audience to enjoy.
- colours: the use of the blue which is the daily mail signature colour and identity brand
- font: its changes from the printed news, however stills hold the serif font for the mail to uphold their traditional logo and whereas the online is a san-serif because it shows the more modern aspects to the news and its target towards a modern audience..
Thursday 16th January 2025 Onlinew news the guadian
LO: To explore audience appeal and use of online, social and participatory news.
LO: Exlore the academic theory of audience and apply to the online news examples.
Do Now
- Ad-linking- when they click on the ads and like them
- click-stream- when you are on a website for a long time and the website tracks the activity
- front door trafficing- when you are on another social media and its take you to the website
- echo chambers- when its gives you more of the same thing you are interested in
- online news appeal to the audience by giving entertainment and other content for the younger audience news values and media language
Notes:
Their readers can be identifed by the following demographics:
- 67% ages 35+
- 33% ageed 15-25 {print is 9.5}
Their audience can be broken down into following:
-34.7 million UK monthly cross-platforms globel unique users
24.2 million Uk monthly cross-platform users.
News values and selection
Celebrity: They aren't shown because the guardian doesn't talk about gossip nor celebrity because their main forcuse is hard news and serious topics, they are wanting to educate and reinforce their values.
Entertainment: In the menu bar at the top of their website its has option to look at things like sports which does give some form of entertainment, overall its hard news.
surprise:
bad news: Most of it is bad news because its likes to talk about the serious things that happening in the world {example Palestinians killed in Gaza}.
good news: They don't tend to share any good news because they like to talk about issues.
Relevance:
Follow up:
News Aganda:
technical codes and language
Layout: The layout is more orgisnaed unlike the DailyOnline, its has been sectioned with the menu bar such its says headlines, the mail news which is about the gaza war this shows has a good structured which can appeal to the audience who might be looking for certains things and its easy to look for things.
colours: The use of the navy blue is the same as the printed news, they still keep with the traditional colour which the audience can recognised.
Font: The font is a serif which is a classic tradition for The Guardian because its easy to recongised much like the colour scheme. The artical typography is a san-serif which serpates the headlines which is bold and serif, Its can appeal to the audience because its organised.
Mode of Address:
Lexis:
bandura: media effects
- short terms effect and how the audience is influence by something they see on the tv
- bobo doll experiment, media repelica and repeating the violet behaviour
- The experiment is flawed and think that the audience has no choice and has to repeat the action they see either through Tv or news.
- see it and copy, its an immident thing.
The news can be linked to the theory since the news can be misleading or something negative such as if there was a protest, people will want to join in which creates short term effects, you see it and you act on it straight away.
Gerbner: Cultivation Theory
- Mean world syndrome, long term effect {its effects you over the time instead of straight away}
- example knife in London
Hall: reception theory
-Has three different readings
- dominate reading {agrees completely}
- negation reading {agree with half and doesn't agree.}
- oppositional reading {disagree with it completely}
example hall and news
dominate- tradifcy, israel war, death
Oppositional- Reject as tradiget but an attack on terrost group
negation- accepts death isn't okay but theres a bigger picture to the ceasefire
Jenkins: fandom
- New media have enabled participatry culture where audience are actives.
- Taking elements from media and creating their own
- where audience are active and creatives participants rather than passive consumers.
- prefers spreadable media instead of viral
- using the comments and complaints in news involves the news.
Shkiry: End of audience
-The audience is actually there and is creating the news for themselves, they are not fans nor outsiders.
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11/9- Great start to your notes and a good use of terminology.
ReplyDelete19/9- Great analysis here, not the far right/left, just right/left of centre.
ReplyDeleteT: 2: try to add a section that explains how the theory can be applied to the ML of the cover.
26/9- Good start here and you pick out one key point of the theory. T 2 You need to cover the other points that C&S state and apply each of these different points to both texts to evaluate the theory.
ReplyDelete2/10- Absent from the lesson for the Q3 response, please catch up this lesson and attempt a Q3 response.
ReplyDelete10/10- Good start to your response, you just need to cover a few more areas. T Concentrated news ownership supports a one dimensional view of British Culture through news. Mail supports this cultural context through its ownership model DMG, Guardian however critiques this cultural context as it reveals a wider less influenced model of news through the Scotts Trust. Theory: Curran and Seaton Media industries are capitalist & aim to increase concentration of ownership; leads to narrowing of opinions represented in the press, affecting plurality.
ReplyDelete6/11- Great start to the analysis and use of both newspapers- just finish the second one off. T: 1. You need to ensure that you then cover the other elements of the theory.
ReplyDelete11/12 Great notes, keep these detailed with lots of examples to refer back to in revision
ReplyDelete18/12- Good coverage of represenation in source A, try to complete for Source B, also try checking on your timing to allow you to have time to do something on both. Clear ideas and points made about the covers will help to develop the paragraphs quickly and cover the key points in the question.
ReplyDelete19/12- Good coverage of all areas.
ReplyDelete15/1- Great notes
ReplyDelete